Acellular pertussis vaccine proves effective in adults,
adolescents
October 13, 2005
Online Stock Market Trading A vaccine to protect adults and adolescents against illness due
to Bordetella pertussis infection-or whooping cough-has proved more
than 90 percent effective in a national, large-scale clinical
study, according to research results published in this week's issue
of The New England Journal of Medicine. The vaccine, researchers
say, could be used to stem the increase in pertussis cases among
adults and adolescents in the United States and thereby prevent the
prolonged cough illness, which can result in hospitalization,
pneumonia and cracked ribs in those populations. An important
additional benefit of the vaccine may be to decrease transmission
of the B. pertussis bacterium to infants, who are particularly
vulnerable to severe illness, complications and death resulting
from whooping cough. The illness annually affects 50 million people
worldwide.
term ( year) dose schedule. term protection (beyond 2 years) dose schedule, and it is not known whether booster doses of vaccine will be required. As with other hepatitis B vaccination schedules, dose schedule is interrupted, it is not necessary to restart the series. Children and adolescents who have begun vaccination with a dose of 5 mcg of hepatitis B vaccine (recombinant) dose series with this dose. If it is not clear which dose an adolescent was administered at the start of a series, dose schedule.
Stock Investing Course "During the 1990s, the number of reported pertussis cases among
adolescents and adults more than doubled in the United States as
the protective effects of earlier childhood immunizations have
waned," says Anthony S. Fauci, M.D., director of the National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious
Diseases (NIAID), National
Institutes of
Health, which funded the study.
"This new study shows that an effective adult acellular
pertussis vaccine is feasible and if routinely used could
provide the U.S. population
greater protection against the
disease."
There is also no role for adults; its complete focus is the isolating, encompassing significance of adolescent pain.
Stock Market Game Known as the Adult Pertussis Trial, the 2.5-year study involved
2,781 healthy individuals between 15 and 65 years of age.
Volunteers were randomly assigned to one of two similarly sized
groups that received either the acellular pertussis vaccine or the
control hepatitis A vaccine (Havrix). For purposes of the trial,
pertussis cases were defined as illnesses with a cough lasting at
least five days that occurred more than 28 days after vaccination
and were confirmed through blood and nasal mucus testing.
This report of the experience with the vaccine in the greater Calgary region shows 2 important results. First, rates of severe infection due to Streptococcus pneumoniae (the causative agent and target of the vaccine) have fallen dramatically among children, especially for the 7 common varieties of S. pneumoniae that are covered by the vaccine. Second, there is a spillover effect among adults over 65 years of age (for whom a similar vaccine is recommended and widely used in Alberta): rates of invasive infections due to the 7 serotypes of S. pneumoniae covered by the child vaccine have also fallen.
Stock Investing Game Joel I. Ward, M.D., of the Center for Vaccine Research at the
University of California, Los Angeles, led the multicenter clinical
study. GlaxoSmithKline, based in Philadelphia, supplied both the
pertussis test vaccine and the hepatitis A vaccine.
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Journal Prime Rate Street Wall Ten confirmed cases of pertussis occurred during the trial-nine
cases were among the individuals who received the hepatitis A
vaccine. The researchers concluded that a single dose of the test
vaccine was safe and 92 percent effective in protecting adolescents
and adults against pertussis.
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Stock Market News Although infants are routinely inoculated against pertussis
through a series of three diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis
(DTaP) vaccines given in the first year of life, immunity has been
shown to weaken after six to 10 years.
Stock Investing Basics "The purpose of an adult pertussis vaccine is to prevent the
disease in adults with the added benefit that it may help to put up
a roadblock in the transmission of the disease, so that parents,
grandparents and other adults are not unknowingly passing the
disease along," says David Klein, Ph.D., of NIAID's Respiratory
Diseases Branch.
Stock Investing Software In 2004, the highest number of U.S. pertussis cases was among
individuals 10 to 18 years of age with roughly 6,500 cases
reported, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention. Infants less than six months old experienced the
second highest number of pertussis cases last year, with an
estimated 2,200 cases reported.
Stock Market Trading NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
D
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